What types of banking operations there?

There are:

    Passive banking operations (through which banks form a financial resource for future use as an active means);

    Active banking operations (through which banks place their available financial resources);  

 Commission (brokerage) operations.

The passive operations include: attracting deposits, production and distribution of securities, including the issuance of currency by the central bank, the formation of own funds of banks and other operations by which banks are resources for active operations. Commercial banks constitute the "liabilities" for their own and borrowed funds.

The basic methods of forming its own funds - the bank's IPO on the stock market (the formation of a primary or equity) and the establishment of various reserves through deductions from income (capital reserve). The vast majority of bank resources is formed by the deposit operations, which consist of current accounts and deposits.

In order to provide reciprocal services to fulfill customers' orders correspondent banks enter into agreements with each other and open correspondent accounts. Amounts received on correspondent accounts may temporarily be used by the bank, which opened these accounts.

Other forms of involvement are the means of rediscounting banks and pledging. When banks resell the rediscount bills purchased by customers. Pledging allows banks to obtain loans against property received as collateral from customers.

For active operations include providing clients with short-and long-term debt, including through the consideration of bills, mortgages or securities, banking and investing resources in securities - the purchase of bonds of government loans, shares of industrial companies, etc. Most significant in this group of credit operations. Through lending, banks attach importance to the study of the creditworthiness of the client. As security for bank loans are the notes (promissory note for loans), commodities and commodity instruments (Bottom of loans), the securities - stocks and bonds (loans against securities) as well as other valuables. Have proliferated and loans without security - bank loans.

The third group of operations of commercial banks include commissions, that is, performance of individual customers' orders for a fee - the commission. To commission operations include mediation (translation, collection and credit), acceptance and guarantee, trust, and others.